RY 169.88 -1.0542% SHOP 144.59 -0.959% TD 77.85 -0.1667% ENB 59.62 -0.5505% BN 78.53 -0.971% TRI 223.92 -0.2495% CNQ 47.03 -0.0213% CP 102.49 -0.5627% CNR 147.77 -0.8787% BMO 131.32 -0.0685% BNS 78.4 0.0255% CSU 4463.7002 0.6222% CM 90.42 0.6344% MFC 44.91 -1.3184% ATD 77.0 -0.7604% NGT 60.01 -0.4149% TRP 68.0 -2.2989% SU 56.965 -0.4282% WCN 260.14 -0.653% L 176.45 0.7135%

Risk-adjusted

Updated on August 29, 2023

Risk-adjusted return is typically defined as the return provided by an asset in excess of a benchmark with the same risk factor. For example, if crude oil is a benchmark for measuring the performance of oil stocks and it provides 10 per cent return on YTD basis, and an oil-related stock provides 12 per cent return on YTD basis, the remaining 2 per cent return would be the risk-adjusted return provided that the oil-stock and crude oil contains similar quantifiable risk factors.